Colóquios do Centro de Física 2008-2009

Colóquios do Centro de Física 2008-2009
Graphene: the Magic of Flat Carbon

K.S. Novoselov
School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester
Oxford Road, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
Auditório da Escola de Ciências
25 de Fevereiro, Gualtar, 15H

ABSTRACT
When one writes by a pencil, thin flakes of graphite are left on a surface. Some of them are only one angstrom thick and can be viewed as individual atomic planes cleaved away from the bulk. This strictly two dimensional material called graphene was presumed not to exist in the free state and remained undiscovered until 2004. In fact, there exists a whole class of such two-dimensional crystals. The most amazing things about graphene probably is that its electrons move with little scattering over huge (submicron) distances as if they were completely insensitive to the environment only a couple of angstroms away. Moreover, whereas electronic properties of other materials are commonly described by quasiparticles that obey the Schrödinger equation, electron transport in graphene is different: It is governed by the Dirac equation so that charge carriers in graphene mimic relativistic particles with zero rest mass. The very unusual electronic properties of this material as well as the possibility for it’s chemical modification make graphene a promising candidate for future electronic applications.


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